目的探讨TGFβ1和b-FGF在前列腺增生形成过程中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学Maxvision二步法检测61例前列腺增生(BPH)和15例正常前列腺组织中TGFβ1和b-FGF的表达。结果 TGFβ1主要定位于前列腺上皮细胞浆、间质细胞浆内,呈棕黄色颗粒,上皮细胞阳性率45.90%,间质细胞阳性率24.59%,总阳性率为52.46%,正常前列腺中上皮细胞阳性率为13.33%,间质细胞阳性率6.67%,总阳性率为20.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);b-FGF定位于前列腺间质细胞浆内,部分上皮细胞浆阳性,呈棕黄色颗粒,上皮细胞阳性率为26.23%,间质细胞阳性率为75.41%,总阳性率为75.41%,正常前列腺中上皮细胞阳性率为0%,间质细胞阳性率为13.33%,总阳性率为13.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在腺体增生为主和间质增生为主两组间,TGFβ1和b-FGF表达差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TGFβ1和b-FGF是促进BPH的重要因素,TGFβ1和b-FGF主要与前列腺间质增生有关。 Objective To investigate the role of TGFβ1 and b-FGF in the formation of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods Immunohistochemistry Maxvision two-step method was used to detect the expression of TGFβ1 and b-FGF in 61 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 15 cases of normal prostatic tissue. Results TGFβ1 mainly localized in the cytoplasm of prostate epithelium and interstitial cytoplasm with brown granules. The positive rate of epithelial cells was 45.90%, the positive rate of interstitial cells was 24.59%, the total positive rate was 52.46%. The positive rate of epithelial cells in normal prostate (13.33%). The positive rate of stromal cells was 6.67%, the total positive rate was 20.00%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). B-FGF was localized in the interstitial cytoplasm of prostatic stroma, The positive rate of yellow granules, epithelial cells was 26.23%, the positive rate of interstitial cells was 75.41%, the total positive rate was 75.41%, the positive rate of epithelial cells in normal prostate was 0%, the positive rate of interstitial cells was 13.33%, the total positive rate Was 13.33%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of TGFβ1 and b-FGF between the two groups, which were mainly gland hyperplasia and interstitial hyperplasia (P> 0.05). Conclusion TGFβ1 and b-FGF are important factors in promoting BPH. TGFβ1 and b-FGF are mainly associated with interstitial hyperplasia of prostate.