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卫星技术经过几十年的发展已经成功地在社会、经济、军事、科研等许多领域为人类带来了可观的社会效益和经济效益。在过去的几十年中,大容量、多用途、长寿命、高效率的大型卫星一直是卫星发展的主流。然而,大型卫星的研制周期长、费用高、技术复杂、风险大、发射费用高,在很大程度上限制了它的应用和发展。因而,成本低、性能高、方便灵活的小卫星越来越受到人们的重视。美国、俄罗斯、英国、以色列、法国、日本等一些国家的研究机构相继提出并研制了多种小卫星和微小卫星,向人们展示了小卫星技术广泛的应用前景。根据我国的经济基础条件和现代战争发展的趋势,利用小卫星技术来加强国民经济建设,提高军事保障能力,势在必行。
After several decades of development, satellite technology has succeeded in bringing considerable social and economic benefits to humankind in many fields such as society, economy, military affairs and scientific research. Over the past few decades, large-capacity, multi-purpose, long-lived and highly efficient large satellites have been the mainstream of satellite development. However, the development cycle of large satellites is long, the cost is high, the technology is complex, the risk is high, and the launch cost is high, which limits its application and development to a great extent. Therefore, the low cost, high performance, convenient and flexible small satellites are more and more people’s attention. Research institutes in some countries such as the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, Israel, France and Japan have put forward and developed many kinds of small and micro satellites one after another, showing people a wide range of applications of small satellite technology. According to China’s economic conditions and the trend of the development of modern warfare, it is imperative to use small satellite technology to strengthen national economic construction and improve military support capabilities.