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为了掌握宁夏引黄灌区盐碱地盐化土壤退化程度对微生物多样性及土壤酶活性的影响及其变化规律,采用Biolog微生物鉴定系统、比色法及滴定法对宁夏引黄灌区不同程度盐化土壤微生物多样性和土壤酶活性进行了研究。结果表明:随着盐化程度的增加,土壤微生物多样性指数、土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性逐渐降低;土壤各种酶活性的季节变化不完全相同,而且在土壤不同层次上波动很大。转化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性在0—20cm土层表现为9月>8月>6月,过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性在20—40cm土层表现为6月>8月>9月。不同盐化程度与土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶活性达之间达到显著正相关关系(p<0.05),土壤微生物多样性指数与土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性之间达到极显著正相关关系(p<0.01),与土壤不同盐化程度、土壤脲酶活性之间达到显著正相关关系(p<0.05)。说明土壤酶活性与土壤盐渍化关系密切,土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶及微生物多样性可作为盐碱地土壤退化程度及土壤肥力评价的生物指标。
In order to understand the effects of salinized soil degradation on the microbial diversity and soil enzyme activities in saline-alkali lands of saline-land irrigation areas in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia, Biolog microbial identification system, colorimetric method and titration were used to evaluate the effects of salinized soil microorganisms Diversity and soil enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that the soil microbial diversity index, soil invertase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and urease activity decreased with the salinity increasing. The seasonal changes of soil enzyme activities were not completely the same, The soil fluctuates at different levels. The invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities in 0-20cm soil layer showed September> August> June. The activities of catalase and alkaline phosphatase in the soil layer of 20-40cm ranged from June> August> 9 month. There was a significant positive correlation between the degree of salinization and the activity of soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase (p <0.05), and the correlation between soil microbial diversity index and soil invertase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase activity (P <0.01), and had significant positive correlation with soil salinization and soil urease activity (p <0.05). Soil enzyme activity, alkaline phosphatase and microbial diversity can be used as biological indicators of soil degradation and soil fertility evaluation of saline-alkali soil.