装船前检验协议和动植物卫生检疫措施协议,是世贸组织规范货物贸易中非关税措施的两个重要协议。 装船前检验是指雇佣独立的专业公司来检验海外订购的货物的装载情况,主要是检验价格、数量和质量。这个做法被许多发展中国家所采用,其目的在于防止资本外流、商业欺诈以及逃避海关关税等情况的发生,保护国內财政利益和弥补行政管理机构的不足。 协议承认原关贸总协定的原则和义务适用于各政府授权的装船前检验机构的活动。使用装船前检验的政府义务,包括非歧视、透明度、保护商业秘密、避免不合理的拖延、采用具体的指导方针来进行价格审 Pre-shipment inspection agreement and animal and plant health and quarantine measures agreement is the WTO to regulate non-tariff measures for trade in goods two important agreements. Pre-shipment inspection refers to the hiring of an independent professional company to test the loading of goods ordered overseas, mainly to test the price, quantity and quality. This approach, adopted by many developing countries, aims to prevent capital outflows, commercial fraud and escaping customs duties, protect domestic financial interests and make up for deficiencies in the administrative body. The agreement recognizes that the principles and obligations of the original GATT apply to the activities of the pre-shipment inspection agencies authorized by the respective governments. Government obligations to use pre-shipment inspection, including non-discrimination, transparency, protection of trade secrets, avoidance of unjustified delays and the introduction of specific guidelines for conducting price reviews