学案体是一种重要的学术史题材,而《明儒学案》正是学案体的定型之作。黄宗羲在《明儒学案》中以自得与宗旨为大原则、师承为重要的参考条件、辟佛为必备条件,对入案标准、文献选择、案主评价等学案体的重要组成部分进行了总体设计。这种总体设计保证了学案体整齐划一的有序性,但同时也使得许多本该入案的儒者与学案失之交臂。 Case study is an important subject of academic history, and “Ming Confucian Case” is the study of the stereotypes of the case. In the case of Ming Confucianism, Huang Zongxi took the principle of being self-centered and purpose as the major principle, Shizheng being an important reference condition, and turning on the Buddha as a prerequisite, conducted an important part of the study case, such as the criteria for admission, the selection of documents, The overall design. This overall design guarantees the uniform and orderly study of case studies, but at the same time makes many of the Confucians who were supposed to be involved in the case lose contact with the study case.