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二十多年来,上海县的计划生育工作取得了显著成绩。为了分析生育率变化的情况,我们在七一公社进行了一次较为详细的育龄妇女调查。七一公社位于上海县中部偏西,1980年底人口18865人,文化经济水平和计划生育工作在上海县均属中上水平。 调查对象为该公社1926到1965年出生(相当于15～55岁)的所有妇女,共5569人,实查5427人,调查率97.45％。调查时间1981年2月到3月。参加调查的有七名医务人员和20名女赤脚医生。调查前进行了为期三天的培训。调查项目包括月经初潮年龄、初婚年龄、生育史、避孕方法和知识,是否希望再生育和理想子女数等。本文应用队列分析方法,每五个年份出生者为一个队列组,例如1926～1930队列组包括所有1926～1930年出生的妇女,简称“1926队列组”。 本文资料分析中应用累计率系用寿命表法计算,用四分位加权平均数(T=(Q_1+2Q_2+Q_3)/4)作为平均水平的指标,四分位间距(S=Q_3-Q_1)作为离散程度的指标。
Over the past 20 years, Shanghai County has achieved remarkable results in its family planning work. In order to analyze the situation of fertility changes, we conducted a detailed survey of women of childbearing age in the 7th Commune. The 7th Commune is located in the west of central Shanghai. It has a population of 18,865 at the end of 1980. The cultural and economic level and family planning work in Shanghai County are all medium to high level. The respondents were all women of the Commune from 1926 to 1965 (equivalent to 15 to 55 years old) with a total of 5569 people. They investigated 5427 people and the survey rate was 97.45%. The investigation was conducted from February to March 1981. Seven medical staff and 20 women barefoot doctors participated in the survey. A three-day training was conducted before the investigation. Survey items include age of menarche, age of first marriage, birth history, contraceptive methods and knowledge, and whether they wish to have more children and ideal children. In this paper, the cohort analysis method is used. The group born every five years is a cohort group. For example, the 1926 to 1930 cohort group includes all women born from 1926 to 1930, referred to as the “1926 cohort group.” The cumulative rate used in the data analysis of this paper is calculated using the life table method, using the quartile weighted average (T=(Q_1+2Q_2+Q_3)/4) as the average level indicator, and the interquartile range (S=Q_3-Q_1). ) As an indicator of the degree of dispersion.