社会科学和自然科学一样,在从事科学研究时,必须使用实证的研究方法。近年来,社会调查方法作为社会科学研究方法的一种,在政府和企业部门的许多实践活动中正在被广泛使用。所谓社会调查(survey research)就是实证地抓获社会现象的一种方法,具有通过直接实地调查收集所谓实在的数据并由此进行分析的特色。 Social science Like natural science, empirical research must be used when engaging in scientific research. In recent years, social survey methods, as a method of social science research, are widely used in many practical activities of the government and the corporate sector. The so-called survey research is one way of empirically capturing social phenomena with the characteristics of collecting so-called real data from direct field surveys and analyzing it accordingly.