田野调查是人类学民族学最具特色的研究方法。中国人类学民族学界现在使用的田野调查方法 ,主要是西方人类学的传统方法。在 2 1世纪 ,如何提高田野调查的质量和水平 ,如何使田野调查更加科学化 ,是当前人类学民族学面临的重要问题。(一 )人类学民族学田野调查方法的形成与发展 Fieldwork is the most distinctive research method of ethnology in anthropology. The field investigation method now used by Chinese ethnology scholars is mainly the traditional method of western anthropology. In the 21st century, how to improve the quality and level of field investigation and how to make the field investigation more scientific are the important issues facing ethnology at present. (A) the formation and development of anthropology ethnology fieldwork