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产权清晰是市场有效竞争的前提条件。电力市场设计的核心是建立完善的产权制度。产权由使用权、收益权与转让权组成。它的作用在于减少市场交易中的外部性,产生合理的激励。电力市场产权制度建设有2方面的内容:产权重组与市场交易中的产权界定规则。电力市场化改革的目的是合理地进行产权初始安排,建立排他的使用权、完整的收益权与灵活的转让权,减少个人成本与社会成本的分离,促进电力市场效率的提高。但是,产权的最终确立还必须考虑到交易费用的影响,只有当施行某种产权制度所实现的效益大于成本时,这种产权制度才是真正可行的。
Clear property rights is a prerequisite for effective market competition. The core of power market design is to establish a sound system of property rights. Property rights by the right to use, the right to receive and the right to make up. Its role is to reduce externalities in market transactions and generate reasonable incentives. The construction of power market property rights system has two aspects: the rule of property rights in the reorganization of property rights and market transactions. The purpose of market-oriented electricity reform is to rationally make initial arrangements for property rights, establish exclusive right of use, complete right of return and flexible transfer of rights, reduce the separation of individual costs from social costs, and promote the efficiency of power market. However, the final establishment of property rights must also take into account the impact of transaction costs, and only when the benefits of the implementation of a property rights system outweigh the costs, the property rights system is truly feasible.