长期以来,人们一直把国家指令性计划调节作为社会主义计划经济的唯一合理形式。改革开放后,在突破这一僵化认识的同时,又出现了夸大市场调节作用的倾向,这在经济改革的目标设计和政策实施中都有所体现。这类偏向包括两种情况:一是在理论上夸大了市场调节的实际有效控制范围,把它说成是合理配置和利用资源的唯一有效形式;二是脱离我国经济结构发展不平衡的现实,在市场取向的改革中,过急地取消一部分仍然必要的指令性计划。实际工作中,二者往往结合在一起。总需求失控,产业结构进一步失衡,“官倒”现象严重, For a long time, people have been regulating the state's mandatory plans as the only reasonable form of a socialist planned economy. After the reform and opening up, while breaking through this rigid understanding, there has also been a tendency to exaggerate the role of market regulation as embodied in the design of the objectives of economic reform and the implementation of policies. Such biases include two situations: First, it exaggerates in theory the actual and effective control over market regulation, saying that it is the only valid form of rational allocation and use of resources; secondly, from the reality of the unbalanced development of China's economic structure, In a market-oriented reform, it was too soon to scrap some of the mandatory plans still needed. In actual work, the two are often combined. Total demand out of control, further unbalanced industrial structure, “official down” phenomenon is serious,