论文部分内容阅读
转基因食品供应在世界范围成为主流,如何对其进行有效的监管控制十分重要。转基因食品标识是管理转基因食品的重要一环。目前世界范围内转基因食品的标识制度模式有以下几种:以过程为核心的强制标识制度、以产品为核心的强制标识制度和自愿标识制度。欧盟根据风险预防原则确立的以过程为核心的强制标识制度是最严格的标识制度。日本以及中国则折衷采取以产品为中心的强制标识制度,通过对转基因食品的自身检测以确定是否加注标识。美国则采取自愿标识制度,生产商自行决定是否对转基因食品加注标识。我国转基因食品标识制度主要存在概念不清、责任分配不适以及配套制度缺失等几方面的法律问题。为了保障转基因食品的安全,可以通过《立法法》对转基因食品作出专门性立法,对相关概念做出详尽解释,处理好各部门权责问题,同时注意与国际法律文件的协调。
Genetically modified food supplies are becoming a mainstream in the world and it is important how to regulate them effectively. Genetically modified food labeling is an important part of managing genetically modified foods. At present, the mode of identification system of genetically modified food in the world is as follows: the mandatory labeling system with process as the core, the mandatory labeling system with product as the core and the voluntary labeling system. The EU’s process-centric mandatory labeling system, which is based on the principle of risk prevention, is the most stringent labeling system. Japan and China are eclectic to take a product-centric compulsory labeling system to determine whether or not to raise their labels by testing their own GMO products. In the United States, a voluntary labeling system is adopted and the manufacturer decides whether or not to mark genetically modified foods. China’s genetically modified food labeling system mainly exists the concept of unclear, the allocation of discomfort and supporting the lack of legal system, and several other legal issues. In order to ensure the safety of genetically modified foods, special legislation can be made on genetically modified foods through the “Legislation Law”, with detailed explanations on related concepts, handling of the responsibilities and responsibilities of various departments, and paying attention to the coordination with international legal documents.