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以近代自然科学为主要内容的中国近代科技教育,兴起于19世纪60年代洋务派创办的新式学堂。这些新式学堂包括外国语学堂、军事学堂和科学技术学堂,它们的设立开了科技教育在中国的先河。由于创办这些新式学堂的目的有所不同,因而在这些学堂中开设的课程,即科技教育的内容也有所不同。随着洋务运动的进一步发展,洋务派认识到要学习西方的先进技术,有必要派遣留学生到美国和欧洲等国学习。这表明洋务派对于科技教育在中国的重要性有了进一步的认识。
Modern science and technology education in modern China, which takes modern natural science as the main content, emerged in the new school established by the Westernization School in the 1860s. These new schools include foreign language schools, military academies and science and technology schools, and their establishment has opened the precedent for science and technology education in China. Due to the different purposes of starting these new schools, the content of the courses offered in these schools, that is, science and technology education, also varies. With the further development of the Westernization Movement, the Westernizationist realized that it is necessary to send its foreign students to study in the United States and other European countries to learn advanced western technologies. This shows that the Westernizationists have gained a better understanding of the importance of science and technology education in China.