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目的探讨德清县中小学生乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性的影响因素。方法根据2008年进行的德清县中小学生HBsAg检测发现的HBsAg阳性者为病例,采用1∶1匹配病例对照研究设计,以同性别、同学校、年龄上下相差不超过1岁的HBsAg阴性汉族学生为对照。通过追踪调查学生免疫接种卡获得乙肝免疫信息。结果单因素分析发现,已接种且产生乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)者在病例组有0人,在对照组有28人(39.44%)。长期与乙肝病例一起生活是HBsAg阳性的危险因素(P<0.01)。乙肝疫苗是否接种等其他变量与HBsAg阳性间均无统计学关联。多因素分析发现,排除接种且产生抗-HBs的学生后,长期与乙肝病例一起生活是HBsAg阳性的危险因素,其OR值为15.000(95%CI为1.981～113.556)。结论乙肝疫苗接种且产生抗-HBs是乙肝病毒感染的保护因素,长期与乙肝病例一起生活是HBsAg阳性的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive among primary and secondary school students in Deqing County. Methods According to HBsAg positive cases detected by HBsAg detection of primary and secondary school students in Deqing County in 2008, the case-control study was designed by 1: 1 matched case-control study. The HBsAg-negative Han students of the same gender, same school and age less than 1 year old were Control. Hepatitis B immunization information is tracked by tracking student immunization cards. Results Univariate analysis showed that there were 0 persons in the case group and 28 persons (39.44%) in the control group who had inoculated with hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs). Long-term living with hepatitis B is a risk factor of HBsAg positive (P <0.01). Other variables such as hepatitis B vaccination and HBsAg positive no statistical correlation between. Multivariate analysis found that long-term HBsAg-positive life after vaccination and anti-HBs inoculation was excluded, with an OR of 15.000 (95% CI 1.981-113.556). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination and production of anti-HBs are the protective factors of hepatitis B virus infection. Long-term living with hepatitis B is a risk factor of HBsAg positive.