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采用无/有柔性摩擦辅助电沉积技术在不含添加剂的Watts镀液中制备了超细晶和纳米晶镍镀层。对比研究了两种镍镀层的显微结构、纳米压痕力学性能以及干摩擦磨损行为。研究结果表明,纳米晶镍具有比超细晶镍更加细小均匀的晶粒尺寸、更大的纳米压痕硬度、弹性模量以及硬模比。2种镀层的主要磨损机制均为粘着磨损,但因载荷不同而表现出不同的摩擦学行为。在低载荷(1~3 N)下,纳米晶镍的表面粗糙度低,磨损表面相对平整致密,因而摩擦系数相对较低;在高载荷(5 N)下,纳米晶镍的氧化磨屑疏松,磨损表面较为粗糙,因而摩擦系数相对较高;在测试载荷条件下,纳米晶镍的磨痕深度和磨损体积更小,其耐磨性更优。
Ultrafine and nanocrystalline nickel coatings were prepared in a Watts bath without additives using a frictionless assisted electrodeposition technique. The microstructure, nanoindentation mechanical properties and dry friction and wear behavior of two nickel coatings were compared. The results show that nanocrystalline nickel has more fine and uniform grain size, larger nano-indentation hardness, elastic modulus and die-to-die ratio than ultrafine-grained nickel. The main wear mechanism of the two kinds of coatings are adhesive wear, but different tribological behavior due to different loads. Under low load (1 ~ 3 N), the surface roughness of nanocrystalline nickel is low and the wear surface is relatively flat and compact, so the friction coefficient is relatively low. Under high load (5 N) , The wear surface is relatively rough, so the friction coefficient is relatively high; Under the test load conditions, the wear depth and wear volume of nanocrystalline nickel are smaller, and the wear resistance is better.