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目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的执行功能特征。方法:符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的ADHD儿童114名,正常对照组76名。采用威斯康星分类卡片测验、持续性操作测验、STROOP字色干扰测验评定其执行功能。结果:WCST测验ADHD组总应答数、完成第一个分类所需应答数和持续性应答数得分均高于正常对照组(P<0.05);而其完成分类数、正确思考时间和不能维持完整分类数得分均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01);CPT测验ADHD组错误数和漏报数得分均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);STROOP测验ADHD组色词阅读错误数、颜色命名错误数和颜色干扰命名错误数得分均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);差异均具有统计学意义。结论:ADHD患儿存在执行功能的缺陷,以持续性注意缺陷、行为抑制为主要特征。
Objective: To investigate the executive function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: 114 ADHD children with DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic criteria and 76 normal controls. Using Wisconsin classification card test, continuous operation test, STROOP character interference test to assess its executive function. Results: The WCST test showed that the total number of responses in ADHD group and the number of response and sustained response required to complete the first classification were higher than those in the normal control group (P <0.05). The number of completed classification, correct thinking time and incomplete (P <0.01). The scores of false positives and negative false negatives in ADHD group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (P <0.01). The number of reading errors of color words in ADHD group in STROOP test group was significantly higher than that in normal control group Color naming errors and color interference naming errors were significantly higher than the normal control group (P <0.01); the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: There are deficits in executive function in children with ADHD, with persistent attention deficit and behavioral inhibition as the main characteristics.