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机会平等对经济的持续增长和社会的和谐稳定均有重要意义,再分配的目标更应关注机会平等,但就目前国内的研究状况而言,更多的是机会平等的定性讨论,定量测量却鲜有涉及。本文综述了机会平等的定义方法,并较为完整地总结了近几年来有关机会不平等定量评价的方法,包括随机占优的方法以及机会不平等指数的非参数和参数度量方法,明确了各种方法的使用方式,优缺点以及实证研究中应该注意的问题,为进一步的理论和实证研究奠定了基础。
Equality of opportunity is of great significance for the sustained economic growth and social harmony and stability. The goal of redistribution should pay attention to equality of opportunity. However, for the current domestic research status, qualitative discussion is more about equality of opportunity. Quantitative measurement Slightly involved. This paper summarizes the definition of the equality of opportunity, and summarizes the methods of quantitative evaluation of opportunity inequality in recent years, including the random dominant method and the non-parametric and parametric measurement of the chance inequality index, The methods of using, merits and demerits as well as the problems that should be noticed in the empirical research have laid the foundation for further theoretical and empirical research.