资源是生产的基本要素 ,经济的发展表现为对资源的开发水平和利用程度的提高。在工业经济时代 ,人类对自然资源几近掠夺的利用 ,使人类社会的这一基本矛盾空前尖锐 ,以至于提出“增长的极限”。资源有限性是建立在土地、资本、劳动力等有形生产要素有限基础上的 ,知识要素并没 Resources are the basic elements of production. The development of economy is manifested in the improvement of the level of exploitation and utilization of resources. In the era of industrial economy, mankind’s exploitation of natural resources has brought the basic contradiction between human beings and society so sharply that “the limit of growth” has been put forward. Limited resources are built on the limited foundation of physical production factors such as land, capital and labor force. The elements of knowledge are not