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目的探讨产前给予氨溴索、糖皮质激素(地塞米松、倍他米松)对胎鼠肺组织骨形态发生蛋白4(BMP4)表达的影响。方法18只孕鼠随机分成6组:对照组、氨溴索组、地塞米松1d组和3 d组,倍他米松1 d组和3 d组,每组3只。孕鼠妊娠第19天行剖宫产取胎仔肺组织,通过逆转录聚合酶链反应、免疫组化和免疫印记技术检测各组胎肺BMP4基因转录水平及蛋白表达差异。结果BMP4 mRNA表达在地塞米松3 d组、倍他米松1、3 d组的表达均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),氨溴索组与地塞米松1 d组与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。免疫组化和免疫印记法结果显示,与对照组相比,地塞米松3 d组、倍他米松1 d组及3 d组BMP4表达量显著增加(P<0.01),而氨溴索组、地塞米松1 d组与对照组相比表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论产前给予地塞米松、倍他米松均能显著促进胎肺组织BMP4的表达,提示糖皮质激素可能通过上调BMP4表达促进大鼠胎肺发育。
Objective To investigate the effect of prenatal ambroxol and glucocorticoids (dexamethasone and betamethasone) on the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) in fetal rat lung tissue. Methods Eighteen pregnant rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, ambroxol group, dexamethasone 1 d group and 3 d group, betamethasone 1 d group and 3 d group. Pregnant mice on the 19th day of gestation were cesarean section to remove fetal lung tissues. The transcriptional level and protein expression of BMP4 in each group were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Results The expression of BMP4 mRNA in dexamethasone group for 3 d and for betamethasone for 1 and 3 d was significantly higher than that for control group (P <0.05). Compared with control group, the expression of BMP4 mRNA in dexamethasone group and dexamethasone group for 1 d The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting showed that compared with the control group, the expression of BMP4 in dexamethasone 3 d group, 1 d betamethasone group and 3 d group was significantly increased (P <0.01) Dexamethasone 1 d group compared with the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion Prenatal administration of dexamethasone and betamethasone can significantly promote the expression of BMP4 in fetal lung tissue, indicating that glucocorticoid may promote the development of fetal lung in rats by up-regulating BMP4 expression.