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印度的地区和自身经济发展政策深刻影响了南亚经济合作进程。近20年来,印度对南亚经济合作的重视逐渐超过对政治、安全问题的顾虑。在其积极推动下,南亚经济联系有所加强,地区经济合作机制不断完善。但经济融合的整体水平仍不尽如人意,表现出内聚力弱、外向性强的特点。总体而言,印度在地区贸易和投资合作中发挥的作用较为有限。究其原因,主要包括印度与南亚其他国家产业基础差距较大,贸易互补性不强;贸易成本较高;南亚其他国家对印度的投资吸引力较弱,以及地区政治、安全因素干扰等。
The Indian region and its own economic development policies have profoundly affected the process of South Asian economic cooperation. In the recent 20 years, India has gradually paid more attention to the economic cooperation in South Asia than its political and security concerns. Under its active promotion, the economic ties in South Asia have been strengthened and the mechanism for regional economic cooperation has been continuously improved. However, the overall level of economic integration is still not satisfactory, showing a weak cohesion and strong outward-looking characteristics. In general, India plays a more limited role in regional trade and investment cooperation. The reasons include the large gap between India and other South Asian countries in industrial base, the weak trade complementarity, the high trade costs, the weak attraction of other South Asian countries in India and the interference of regional politics and security.