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本文报告以水稻三系及其杂种为主要材料所进行的育性问题的生化遗传分析结果。数据和电泳酶谱显示了:不育系花药生长素类物含量降低工作对照的可育材料的1/8或1/25。完全恢复的杂种,其含量恢复到1/2或3/4;不完全恢复的杂种只升高到对照的1/5。不育系花药生长素亏损与其过氧化物酶活力增高2～3倍相联系;电泳技术显示酶活力剧增是由于10多个同工酶斑被激活。育性恢复材料中,这些激活的酶斑减少,酶活力因而恢复到常规品种的水平。本文根据不育系花药中有色氨酸积累及过氧化物酶活力剧增的事实,提出生长素代谢库概念,认为雄性不育的起因在于生长素代谢库输入减少输出巨增;育性恢复是由于代谢库输入与输出恢复了平衡。据此,讨论了雄性不育与育性恢复的实质,探讨了不育基因、恢复基因等假说的难点。
This paper reports the results of biochemical genetic analysis of fertility problems based on the three lines of rice and their hybrids as the main material. Data and electrophoresis zymograms showed that the sterile anthers auxin content reduced 1/8 or 1/25 of the working control fertile material. Fully recovered hybrids recovered to 1/2 or 3/4 content; incompletely recovered hybrids only increased to 1/5 of the control. The loss of anther auxin in CMS was associated with an increase of 2 ~ 3 folds of its peroxidase activity. Electrophoresis showed that the increase of enzyme activity was due to the activation of more than 10 isoforms. In fertility restoration materials, these activated plaques are reduced and the enzyme activity is thus restored to that of conventional varieties. Based on the fact that tryptophan is accumulated in anther of CMS and the activity of peroxidase increases sharply, the concept of metabolism of ghrelin is proposed. The reason of male sterility is that the input of auxin metabolism is reduced and the output is greatly increased. Fertility recovery is As the metabolic library input and output to restore the balance. Accordingly, the essence of male sterility and fertility restoration is discussed, and the difficulties of the hypothesis of infertility gene and gene recovery are discussed.