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在《汉书·艺文志》知识系统中“黄帝书”展现出来的“六略”之间的密切关系问题,对《汉艺·艺文志》中与“黄帝书”有关的内容进行统计分析,对“黄帝书”的性质和特点进行研究。研究发现,“黄帝书”在《汉书·艺文志》中共有34种656篇(卷)和6卷图,广泛分布于“诸子略”“兵书略”和“方技略”之中,是依托黄帝传说而发挥思想、传播知识技能的一种书籍载体,是许多学派或技术门类所依托的著述形式,它们借重黄帝事迹或传说来阐述某种观点,传承某些技艺,与古人的日常生活和生产实践密切相关,偏重于实用技术的专业知识;中国古人将宗法世系一脉相承的观念引入技术文明的传统,为各种实用的技术寻根,追溯某位先王为思想或技艺的发源,“黄帝书”采取黄帝立言的形式,反映了血缘宗法制对中华文明发展与古代社会特殊发展路径的密切关系,《诸子略·道家》著录“黄帝书”5种100篇,其治国用兵、修身养性、哲理玄思的内涵与“黄帝书”为代表的实用知识和技术中的身体技术、社会技术、自然技术有内在联系,这种联系是道法玄之又玄的哲学理论的基础,也为理解古代知识系统的内在联系提供了范例,中国传统技术知识注重通过言传身教和体悟来进行传承,比较缺乏命题性知识理论的建构,这与现代科学技术知识相比有较大不同,需要我们多方位系统化地进一步认识中国传统技术的特点。
In the “Han Yi Wen Zhi” knowledge system “Huang Di Shu ” shows “Six Strategies ” the close relationship between the issue, “Han Yi Yi Zhi” and “Huang Di Shu ” related content Carry on the statistical analysis, carry on the research to the nature and the characteristic of “Huang Di Shu ”. The study found that there are 34 kinds of 656 volumes (volumes) and 6 volumes in “Han Dynasty Yi Wen Zhi”, which are widely distributed in the “Princes” Is a kind of book carrier that relies on the legend of the Yellow Emperor and exerts its ideas and disseminates knowledge and skills. It is a form of writing relied upon by many schools or technical disciplines. They expound some perspectives through the stories or legends of the Yellow Emperor, These techniques are closely related to the daily life and production practice of the ancients and they are mainly concerned with the professional knowledge of practical techniques. The ancient Chinese introduced the idea of patriarchal lineage into the tradition of technological civilization, sought root for various practical techniques, traced a certain kings Or the origins of the arts, the Yellow Emperor’s book adopts the form of Huangdi Liyan, which reflects the close relationship between the patriarchal clan system and the path of the special development of Chinese civilization and the ancient society. There are five kinds of 100 articles. The connotation of military exercise, self-cultivation and philosophical metaphysics is intrinsically linked with the practical knowledge represented by “Huang Di Shu ” and the body technique, social technique and natural technique in technique, which is the link of Taoism Metaphysical philosophy On the other hand, it also provides an example for understanding the internal relations of ancient knowledge systems. Traditional Chinese technical knowledge pays attention to inheritance through words and deeds and comprehension, and lacks the construction of propositional knowledge theory, which is larger than the knowledge of modern science and technology Different countries need our multi-faceted systematic understanding of the characteristics of traditional Chinese technology.