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为评估舟山地区居民的汞暴露水平及暴露来源,对舟山地区市售海产品和居民头发汞含量进行采样分析。海产品样品采集自舟山市定海区和普陀区菜场,随机购买22种共150份样品。舟山地区海产品的总汞含量(湿重)范围为3.73~789μg·kg~(-1),均值为43.9μg·kg~(-1);海产品的总汞含量总体较低,均未超过我国水产品食用安全标准。不同类别的海产品汞含量差异显著,而且鱼体汞含量与其体长和体重具有显著相关性。采集舟山普陀区、定海区居民头发样品136份,其总汞含量范围为0.13~8.18 mg·kg~(-1),均值为1.77mg·kg~(-1),84.6%的发汞超过美国环保署限值1 mg·kg~(-1),7.4%超过联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织下的食品添加剂联合专家委员会限值2.3 mg·kg~(-1)。居民发汞含量有随年龄增长的趋势,而且男性居民发汞含量显著高于女性。上述结果表明,舟山地区海产品汞含量水平总体较低,但由于当地居民海产品的大量摄入,部分居民仍面临汞暴露的健康风险。
In order to assess the mercury exposure level and sources of exposure of residents in Zhoushan area, samples of mercury in the hair of commercial products and residents in Zhoushan were sampled and analyzed. Seafood samples collected from Dinghai District, Zhoushan City and Putuo District farms, randomly purchased 22 kinds of a total of 150 samples. The total mercury content (wet weight) of seafood in Zhoushan area ranged from 3.73 to 789 μg · kg -1 with an average value of 43.9 μg · kg -1. The total mercury content of seafood products was generally lower than the average China’s food safety standards for aquatic products. The mercury content of different types of seafood is significantly different, and the mercury content of fish has significant correlation with body length and body weight. 136 samples of hair samples were collected from Putuo District and Dinghai District of Zhoushan. The total mercury content ranged from 0.13 to 8.18 mg · kg -1, with an average value of 1.77 mg · kg -1. 84.6% EPA limits 1 mg · kg -1, 7.4% exceeding the limit of 2.3 mg · kg -1 by JECFA under the UN Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Residents hair mercury content with the trend of age, and male inhabitants hair mercury content was significantly higher than women. The above results show that the mercury content of seafood in Zhoushan is generally low, but some residents still face the health risk of mercury exposure due to the large intake of seafood by local residents.