事物总是有起有伏,波浪式发展,并经历着曲折的道路。科学史表明,基础理论研究与资料积累的实验研究是交替出现高潮的。所以一个时期一个学科处于低谷并不是坏事,也许是积累事实或变革规范,孕育新发展的时期。 社会的情报活动或专门的情报工作人员与部门出现很早,尽管没有使用“情报”这个称谓。2500多年前的孙武总结了前人的经验,论述了情报工作的地位、作用、方法等问题。成 There are always ups and downs, waves, and things that go through twists and turns. The history of science shows that the experimental study of basic theoretical research and data accumulation has alternately taken on a climax. Therefore, it is not a bad thing that a discipline should be at a low point for a period of time. It may be a period of accumulating facts or changing norms and giving birth to new developments. Social intelligence activities or specialized intelligence staff and departments appeared early, albeit without the use of the term “intelligence.” Sun Wu, more than 2,500 years ago, summed up his predecessors’ experience and discussed the status, role and methods of intelligence work. to make