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目的了解广东省≥15岁居民酒精摄入情况及饮酒相关影响因素,为进行酒类相关健康风险评估提供基础数据。方法于2009—2012年间采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,将广东省分成大城市、中小城市和农村3层,共抽取9个区县为调查点,每个调查点抽取6个居委会(村),每个居委会(村)抽取75户家庭,对每个被抽中的家庭中≥15岁的家庭成员进行问卷调查。调查内容包括个人一般情况、过去12个月里是否喝过酒、饮酒类型、频率、平均每次饮用量等内容。对调查对象的饮酒情况进行描述,并采用PROC SURVEYMEANS和PROC SURVEYFREQ计算标化平均摄入量和率,采用多因素logistic回归分析对饮酒相关因素(人口学特征及吸烟情况等)进行分析。结果共调查≥15岁居民9 672人,有效人数8 972人,调查问卷有效率为92.8%。8 972名调查对象中以女性(占57.7%)、中等城市(38.0%)、30~59岁(58.7%)、中学学历(56.9%)、年收入<10 000元(44.2%)、已婚状态(83.6%)的人群为主,其中吸烟者占总调查人数的17.9%;过去12个月内曾饮酒的共有2 758人,粗饮酒率为30.7%,标化饮酒率为33.3%;2 758名饮酒者中平均每日酒精摄入量为(9.6±2.1)g;312名过量饮酒者平均每日酒精摄入量为(74.6±11.5)g,过量饮酒的男、女性占饮酒人群的比例分别为15.6%(279/1 787)和3.4%(33/971)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,18~29(OR=2.971)、30~44(OR=3.857)、45~59(OR=3.147)岁年龄组、年收入水平为10 000~25 000(OR=1.229)及>25 000元(OR=1.206)、吸烟人群(OR=2.321)饮酒的可能性更大,而女性(OR=0.347)、文化水平为中学(OR=0.767)、小学及以下(OR=0.592)的人群饮酒的可能性更小。结论过量饮酒人群的酒精摄入量较高,需针对饮料酒中相关危害物质开展风险评估,控制饮酒相关的风险。
Objective To understand the alcohol consumption and alcohol related factors of residents aged 15 or above in Guangdong Province and provide the basic data for the assessment of alcohol related health risks. Methods From 2009 to 2012, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to divide Guangdong into three major cities, small and medium-sized cities and rural areas. Nine districts and counties were selected as investigation points and six neighborhood committees (villages ), 75 households were selected by each neighborhood committee (village) to conduct a questionnaire survey on family members aged 15 or above in each sampled family. The survey included the general situation of individuals, whether they had drunk in the past 12 months, the type of drinking, the frequency, the average quantity per drink, and so on. The alcohol consumption of the surveyed subjects was described, and the standardized average intake and rate were calculated by PROC SURVEYMEANS and PROC SURVEYFREQ. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze drinking-related factors (demographic characteristics and smoking status, etc.). Results A total of 9 672 residents aged 15 and over were enrolled, with 8 972 valid participants. The questionnaire was validated at 92.8%. 8,772 women surveyed (57.7%), medium cities (38.0%), 30-59 years (58.7%), secondary education (56.9%), annual income <10 000 yuan (44.2%), married (83.6%). Among them, smokers accounted for 17.9% of the total number of respondents. Among them, 2 758 people who had consumed alcohol in the past 12 months had a crude drinking rate of 30.7% and a standardized drinking rate of 33.3%. 2 The average daily alcohol intake of 758 drinkers was (9.6 ± 2.1) g. The average daily alcohol intake of 312 overdose drinkers was (74.6 ± 11.5) g. Excessive drinking of men and women accounted for The proportions were 15.6% (279/1 787) and 3.4% (33/971), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the annual income of 18-29 (OR = 2.971), 30-44 (OR = 3.857), 45-59 (OR = 3.147) was 10 000 ~ 25 000 (OR = 1.229 (OR = 2.321) were more likely to drink alcohol while women (OR = 0.347), middle school (OR = 0.767), primary school and below (OR = 0.592) are less likely to drink alcohol. Conclusions Excessive alcohol intake in alcohol intake is high. Risk assessment should be conducted on the relevant hazardous substances in drink liquor to control the risk related to alcohol consumption.