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蛋白质是生命存在和运动的物质基础,是细胞增殖、分化、衰老和凋亡等重大生命活动的执行者。因此,在蛋白质水平上揭示与确证人类基因组中约1/2基因及其功能,即成为后基因组时代生命科学面临的重要任务。1994年,澳大利亚Wilkins和Williams首次提出了“蛋白质组(proteome)”的概念,并于1995年发表了对支原体蛋白质组研究的成果。随后,美国和欧洲的10多个实验室相继开展了蛋白质组研究,研究对象从原核生物扩展到酵母、线虫乃至人体病理组织与细胞,从而导致蛋白质组学(proteomics)诞生[1,2]。
Proteins are the material basis for the existence and movement of life and are the perpetrators of major life events such as cell proliferation, differentiation, aging and apoptosis. Therefore, revealing and confirming about 1/2 genes and their functions in the human genome at the protein level has become an important task for the life sciences in the post-genomic era. In 1994, Wilkins and Williams of Australia first proposed the concept of “proteome” and in 1995 published the results of mycoplasma proteome research. Subsequently, more than 10 laboratories in the United States and Europe conducted proteomics research one after another, expanding their scope from prokaryotes to yeast, nematodes and even to human pathology and cells, leading to the birth of proteomics [1,2].