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目的调查分析周口市3岁以下手足口病患儿的看护人相关知识、信念、行为现状及影响因素,为临床有效防控手足口病提供一定依据。方法选择我院436位手足口病患儿的看护人为研究对象,采用现场问卷方式,对手足口病知信行情况进行调查,并对相关影响因素作统计学分析。结果知晓手足口病具有传染性的人员占85.1%(371/436)。手足口病相关知识全部知晓率为3.4%(15/436)。6项手足口病健康信念全部持有率为66.7%(291/436)。6项手足口病正确行为全部持有率为9.4%(41/436)。不同性别、居住地、看护人类型、职业人群的知识得分与行为得分均差异显著(P均<0.05)。不同文化程度人群的知识、信念、行为得分均差异显著(P均<0.05)。不同月收入人群的信念得分差异显著(P<0.05)。结论周口市3岁以下手足口病患儿的看护人手足口病防控信念较好,相关知识知晓率、正确行为持有率均较低。女性、居住在城市、大专文化程度以上、看护人为父母、从事医疗卫生相关职业是影响知识得分与行为得分的有利因素。
Objective To investigate and analyze the knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of caregivers in children under 3 years of age in Zhoukou City and their influencing factors so as to provide some evidences for effective prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A total of 436 hand-foot-mouth disease caregivers in our hospital were selected as the research objects. A field questionnaire was used to investigate the status of hand-foot-mouth disease and the related factors were statistically analyzed. Results As a result, there were 85.1% (371/436) persons who knew that hand-foot-mouth disease was contagious. Full knowledge of hand-foot-mouth disease was 3.4% (15/436). All 6 hand, foot and mouth disease health beliefs hold the rate of 66.7% (291/436). The total correct rate of 6 hand-foot-mouth disease was 9.4% (41/436). There were significant differences in knowledge scores and behavior scores among different genders, residences, caregivers and occupational groups (all P <0.05). Knowledge, beliefs and behavior scores of people of different education levels were significantly different (all P <0.05). Faith scores of different monthly income groups were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion The caregiver hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control beliefs of children under 3 years of age in Zhoukou City are better, the awareness of related knowledge and the holding rate of correct behavior are lower. Women, living in cities and tertiary education, caregivers as parents, engaged in health related occupations are the favorable factors that affect the score of knowledge and behavior.