基层医师应当通过病史及查体发现错综复杂的生长发育异常,了解生长激素功能紊乱的程度,学会根据内分泌检验数值,评估生长发育异常的类型。怎样确定有生长发育异常? 家长常常因孩子长得慢或个子矮来就诊。医生必须从家长叙述的病史中及查体化验值来分析是否为内分泌疾病。小儿生长发育是一个动态的过程,它反映了潜在的基因性状、营养状态。必须对孩子进行连续的身长和体重测量。尽管单从身高和体重就能得出有用的资料,但要确定生长正常或异常,只有通过精确测量后得出的生长图来作诊断。要得出生长缓慢(或迟缓)的结论时,生长率和绝对体重都应当予以考虑。异常的生长率是指身高的增长率持续低于同年龄组平均值(反映儿童每年身高增长的长度有各种不同 Primary physicians should find out the complex growth and abnormalities through the history and physical examination to understand the extent of growth hormone dysfunction, learn according to the endocrine test values, to assess the type of growth and development. How to determine the growth and development abnormalities? Parents often because the child grows slowly or short to see a doctor. The doctor must analyze whether the endocrine disease is from the history of the parents and the physical examination value. Children’s growth and development is a dynamic process, which reflects the potential genetic traits, nutritional status. Children must be given continuous length and weight measurements. Although you can only get useful information based on your height and weight, you should make sure that you are growing normally or abnormally, and you can only make a diagnosis by using the growth charts that are accurately measured. To draw conclusions about slow growth (or retardation), both growth rate and absolute body weight should be taken into account. An abnormal growth rate means that the growth rate of height continues to be lower than the average of the same age group (reflecting the different lengths of children’s height growth each year