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查尔斯·泰勒从观念论的角度对西方世俗社会的形成过程及其精神状况做了深刻的剖析。在《自我的根源》中,他追溯了现代自我认同的形成。他将现代性的展开看作自然主义哲学与表现主义哲学的较量,这一较量在当前政治哲学中表现为自由主义与共同体主义的辩论。在《世俗时代》中,他通过对世俗性叙事的重构进一步剖析世俗时代的精神危机,认为这些危机源于现代西方人对自我认同的错误理解。泰勒对西方世俗化问题的研究可以为我们理解世俗时代的精神状况提供一种穿透性的视角。
Charles Taylor profoundly analyzed the formation process and spiritual state of Western secular society from the perspective of concept theory. In “The Roots of Self,” he traces the formation of modern self-identity. He regarded the unfolding of modernity as a contest between the naturalist philosophy and the expressionism philosophy, which is represented in the current political philosophy as a debate between liberalism and communism. In the “secular time”, he further analyzes the spiritual crisis in the secular era by reconstructing the secular narrative. He believes that these crises originate from the modern Westerners’ misunderstanding of self-identity. Taylor’s study of Western secularization can provide a penetrating perspective on our understanding of the mental state of the secular era.