论文部分内容阅读
目的通过不同的健康教育方式对肺结核患者实施健康干预并进行效果评价。方法采用随机抽样法选取哈尔滨市初治痰涂片阳性的肺结核患者,采用随机区组设计,按年龄排序随机分配至三个区组,分别为短信息组、电话组和常规管理的对照组。在患者接受正规抗结核治疗期间,通过实施不同方式的健康干预手段,对结核病相关信息进行宣传教育,待患者疗程结束后行电话回访,比较健康信息干预前后及不同干预方式下三组结核病相关知识知晓率变化情况。结果干预后三组单项信息知晓率均有所提高(P<0.01),短信息组与电话组总信息合格知晓率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。短信息组干预后青年人的总信息合格知晓率显著高于电话组干预后(P<0.05),而电话组干预后老年人的总信息合格知晓率显著高于短信息组干预后(P<0.05)。结论短信及电话干预方式对肺结核患者实施全程健康教育干预可有效提高其信息知晓率,短信息干预更适宜年轻患者,针对老年患者则应采用电话干预的方式。
Objective To carry out health interventions and evaluate the effects of tuberculosis patients through different ways of health education. Methods A random sample was used to select sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Harbin. Randomized block design was adopted and randomized to three block groups according to their age, namely short message group, telephone group and routinely controlled group. During the period of receiving regular anti-tuberculosis treatment, TB-related information was publicized and educated through different means of health intervention. After the treatment was over, the patients were interviewed by telephone, and the TB knowledge of three groups were compared before and after the intervention of health information and different intervention methods Know the rate of change. Results After the intervention, the awareness rate of single item information in three groups increased (P <0.01). The awareness rate of the total information of short message group and telephone group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The awareness rate of the total information of young people after SMS intervention was significantly higher than that of the telephone intervention (P <0.05), but the awareness of elder’s total information was significantly higher than that of the SMS intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion SMS and telephone interventions can effectively improve the awareness rate of TB patients with TB intervention. Short message intervention is more suitable for young patients and elderly patients should be treated as telephone interventions.