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[目的]提高临床实验室对阴道细菌的检出率,筛选出较为准确的检验方法,进而提高妇科临床诊断的准确性。[方法]收集2010年10～12月在我院妇科门诊就诊的99例患者,年龄在22～49岁之间,中位年龄为26岁。所有患者就诊时均有不同程度的外阴及阴道瘙痒症状,同时伴有白带等分泌物的增加。无菌条件下于阴道后穹窿处取阴道分泌物,分别用革兰染色检验法、细菌培养法及PCR检验法进行检验,卡方(χ2)检验对照分析检验结果。[结果]革兰染色检验法与细菌培养法检验结果对照显示,经χ2检验,χ2值为6.73,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。PCR检测法与细菌培养法检验结果对照显示,经χ2检验,χ2值为0.11,差异性无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。革兰染色检验法与PCR检测法阳性检出率对照显示,经χ2检验,χ2值为13.53,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。[结论]PCR检验法细菌检验的敏感性及特异性高,且操作过程相当简便及快捷,可满足当今临床诊断的需要,值得在临床上推广。
[Objective] To improve the detection rate of vaginal bacteria in clinical laboratory and screen out more accurate test methods to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of gynecology. [Methods] A total of 99 patients were enrolled in our gynecological clinic from October to December in 2010, with a median age of 26 years. All patients have varying degrees of vulva and vaginal itching symptoms, accompanied by an increase in leucorrhea and other secretions. Vaginal secretions were taken from the vaginal fornix under aseptic conditions and tested by Gram stain, bacterial culture and PCR, respectively. Chi- square (χ2) test was used to analyze the test results. [Results] The results of Gram stain test and bacterial culture test showed that the χ2 value was 6.73 byχ2 test, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). PCR test and bacterial culture test results showed that by χ2 test, χ2 value of 0.11, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The positive detection rate of Gram stain test and PCR test showed that the χ2 value was 13.53 byχ2 test, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The sensitivity and specificity of PCR test for bacterial test are high, and the operation process is very simple and fast, which can meet the need of clinical diagnosis nowadays and worth to be popularized clinically.