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1 林业概况挪威位于北欧斯堪第纳维亚半岛的西部,国土面积为3200万 hm~2,耕地面积仅占3%,林地面积大约占22%,其余为山脉、湖泊和泥炭地,人均占有森林面积1.6hm~2,蓄积125m~3。全国范围的森林资源清查是从1919年开始的,大约每10年进行1次。挪威有一个反映近70年森林资源变化的数据库,如表1。从1925年至1984年,立木蓄积增长了67%,其中,针叶树,尤其是欧洲赤松相对增长较快,生长量增加了51%。蓄积量增加和生产力提高的最重要原因是1930年开始使用的一套系统的林业政策和新的森林经营管理方式。
1 Forestry Overview Norway is located in the western part of Scandinavia in northern Europe, with an area of 32 million hectares, a cultivated area of only 3%, a forest area of about 22% and the rest of the mountains, lakes and peatlands, with a per capita Possession of forest area 1.6hm ~ 2, accumulation of 125m ~ 3. A nationwide inventory of forest resources began in 1919, about once every 10 years. Norway has a database of changes in forest resources for nearly 70 years, as shown in Table 1. From 1925 to 1984, the accumulation of stumpage increased by 67%, of which conifers, especially Pinus thunbergii, grew relatively fast and their growth increased by 51%. The most important reason for the increase in stock volume and productivity is the introduction of a systematic forestry policy and a new approach to forest management that began in 1930.