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【目的】观察综合性干预措施与常规4∶2∶1保健指导对营养不良儿童的干预效果。【方法】选取99名低体重营养不良儿童为干预对象,根据家长知情自愿参与原则分干预A组、干预B组、对照组,分别进行一年的西医综合干预措施、中西医结合综合干预措施或单一措施(常规4∶2∶1保健指导)的干预效果评价。【结果】儿童营养状况好转率干预A组为62.5%、B组为71.9%,对照组为37.1%,A、B两组均明显高于对照组,且B组效果优于A组(χ2=17.00,P=0.03)。采用儿童饮食行为干预问卷(Identification&Management of Feeding Difficulty,IMFeD)对干预组儿童进行干预后,A组、B组胃口差分别减少25%及47%,挑食偏食分别减少50%及53%,不良饮食习惯分别减少46.9%及56.2%,两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。【结论】采取健康讲座、膳食分析、饮食行为干预及中医治疗等合理的综合干预措施可有效降低营养不良患病率,是改善儿童营养状况的有效手段。
【Objective】 To observe the intervention effect of comprehensive interventions and routine 4: 2: 1 health guidance on malnourished children. 【Method】 Ninety-nine subjects with low-weight and malnutrition were enrolled in this study. According to the principle of voluntary participation by parents, interventions were divided into group A, group B, and control group. Comprehensive interventions of western medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, A single measure (routine 4: 2: 1 health guidance) is evaluated for the effect of intervention. 【Results】 The improvement rate of children’s nutritional status intervention was 62.5% in group A, 71.9% in group B and 37.1% in control group. The effect in group A and B was significantly higher than that in control group, and the effect in group B was better than that in group A (χ2 = 17.00, P = 0.03). After intervening children in the intervention group, the appetite difference in group A and group B decreased by 25% and 47% respectively, while that of picky eaters decreased by 50% and 53% respectively, and poor dietary habits Decreased by 46.9% and 56.2% respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 It is an effective measure to improve the nutritional status of children by adopting reasonable comprehensive intervention measures such as health lectures, dietary analysis, dietary intervention and Chinese medicine treatment to effectively reduce the prevalence of malnutrition.