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开平煤矿作为中国近代企业和近代化煤矿的代表,从其兴办的洋务运动时期至今已有一百多年的历史了。研究一个多世纪以来开平煤矿的风雨历程,一方面可以使我们了解其主持人呕心沥血的业绩,为我们公正地评价洋务派提供有力的依据;另一方面也有利于我们客观地评价近代企业的历史作用。笔者以此为本文写作的出发点和归宿,试图对开平煤矿的近代化进程作一简单的论述,求教于史学界同行们。一、关于开平煤矿开办前的构思李鸿章曾于1875年开办直隶磁州煤矿,终因运输困难,矿藏不旺而失败。但李鸿章并未气馁,决定开办开平煤矿。1877年,李鸿章饬令唐廷枢责任办理开平煤矿。唐氏接办此矿后,焦劳擘划,惨淡经理,不遗余
As a representative of modern Chinese enterprises and modernized coal mines, Kaiping Coal Mine has a history of over one hundred years since the establishment of the Westernization Movement. Studying the stormy history of Kaiping Coal Mine for more than a century can not only help us understand the performance of its host, but also provide us with a valid basis for our fair evaluation of the Westernization School. On the other hand, it also helps us to objectively evaluate the history of modern enterprises effect. As a starting point and destination for the writing of this article, the author attempts to make a brief discussion of the process of modernization of Kaiping Coal Mine and seek advice from colleagues in history. First, on the idea of Kaiping mine before the start Li Hung-chang once founded in Zhijiazhuang in 1875 Cizhou, due to transport difficulties, the mineral resources are not busy and failed. However, Li Hung-chang did not give up and decided to open a coal mine in Kaiping. In 1877, Li Hongzhang ordered Tang Tingshu to handle the responsibility of Kaiping Coal Mine. Down’s take over the mine, Jiao labor plan, dismal manager, spare no