人力资本是与物力资本相对应的概念,是指凝聚在劳动者身上的知识、技能及其所表现出来的能力。这种能力是生产增长的主要因素。它是具有经济价值的一种资本。从个体角度定义,人力资本指存在于人体之中,后天获得的具有经济价值的知识、技能、能力和健康等质量因素之和;从群体的角度定义,人力资本是指存在于一个国家或地区人口群体中,后天获得的具有经济价值的知识、技能、能力和健康等质量因素的总和。 Human capital is a concept corresponding to material capital. It refers to the knowledge, skills, and capabilities that are embodied in the laborers. This ability is the main factor in production growth. It is a kind of capital with economic value. Defined from an individual perspective, human capital refers to the sum of quality factors such as knowledge, skills, abilities, and health that have acquired economic value in the human body; acquired from a group perspective, human capital refers to existence in a country or region. In the population group, the sum of quality factors such as knowledge, skills, abilities, and health that have acquired economic value.