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邓小平同志关于社会主义精神文明建设的思想极其丰富。党的十四届六中全会《决议》概括为“八个强调”;《邓小平论社会主义精神文明建设》一书概括成社会主义精神文明建设的战略地位、根本目标、指导思想、思想建设、道德建设、科学教育文化建设、民主法制纪律教育、党对社会主义精神文明建设的领导等八个部分,构成了邓小平精神文明建设思想的理论体系。全面、科学地掌握这一理论体系,一个重要的视角是基于中国发展的历史进程,根据马克思主义的立场、观点、方法来考察这一思想理论的实践要求和内蕴。一、基于对“文化大革命”经验教训的深刻反思。以“革命”名义出现的“文化大革命”这场内乱,使得人的思想道德素质和文化素质的养成、教育科学文化事业的发展遭受了严重的破坏和扭曲。因此,邓小平在党的十一届三中全会前后就开始了在精神领域重大问题上的拨乱反正。
Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s thinking on the construction of socialist spiritual civilization is extremely rich. The “Resolution” of the 6th Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Party is summarized as “Eight Emphasis”; “Deng Xiaoping’s Theory on the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization” is a summary of the strategic position, fundamental goal, guiding ideology and thinking of the socialist spiritual civilization construction Construction, moral construction, construction of science education and culture, discipline of democratic legal system and leadership of the Party on the construction of socialist spiritual civilization constitute the theoretical system of Deng Xiaoping’s thought of spiritual civilization construction. To grasp this theoretical system comprehensively and scientifically, an important perspective is based on the historical process of China’s development. Based on Marxist standpoints, opinions and methods, we examine the practical requirements and implications of this ideological theory. First, based on the “Cultural Revolution” experience and lessons of profound reflection. The “civilized revolution” that took place in the name of “revolution” has led to the devastating and distorting of the ideological, moral and cultural qualities of the people and the development of the educational, scientific and cultural undertakings. Therefore, Deng Xiaoping started to rectify the orderly dislocations on the major issues in the spiritual field before and after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee.