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目的观察a-1b干扰素抗乙肝病毒远期疗效。方法选择1999~2002年我科治疗的152例慢性乙肝患者，其中治疗组76例，应用a-1b干扰素5MIU肌肉注射3次/w，疗程12~24w；对照组76例仅用一般保肝降酶药物，疗程4~12w，治疗结束后长期随访血生化指标、病毒学指标、病毒载量、影像学检查等。结果治疗结束时和随访1年、5年、10年时a-1b干扰素治疗组乙肝病毒载量（HBVDNA）阴转率分别为47.4%、52.6%、44.7%、47.0%，干扰素治疗组临床预后、病情稳定率、发生肝硬化、肝癌及肝病死亡情况明显好于对照组相关指标（P<0.01）。结论 a-1b干扰素抗乙肝病毒疗程较现有抗病毒药物短，疗效确切，远期稳定性较高，同时能减少肝病复发，进而减少肝硬化、肝癌等的发生。“,”Objective To investigate the Long-term Therapeutic Ef ects of Interferon alfa-1b against HBV. Methods 152 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients receiving treatments between 1999 and 2002 are selected,76 patients in treatment group (control group) receive 5MIU Interferon alfa-1b therapy three times every week by Intramuscular Injection for a course of 12 to 24 weeks, while the control group of 45 patients is only given with conventional liver protecting and enzyme decreasing drug for a course of 4 to 12 weeks, long-term fol ow up of blood biochemical indexes, virology indexes, viral load and imaging examination etc after therapy. Results at the end of treatment,1 year,5 years and 10 years after treatment, HBVDNA negative rate with Interferon alfa-1b therapy group is 47.4%,52.6%,44.7%and 47.0%respectively, there is an obvious improvement on the clinical prognosis, condition maintaining rate, and prevention of cirrhosis, liver cancer and death in the treatment group over that in the control group (p<0.01). Conclusion Interferon alfa-1b not only decreases the course needed by normal anti-virus drugs and shows significant ef ects against HBV along with high stability, but also reduces the rate of Hepatitis B recurrence to prevent the happening of cirrhosis and liver cancer etc.