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目的了解北京市房山区2010—2014年麻疹流行特征,发现新的流行趋势,为进一步探讨针对性预防控制措施和消除麻疹提供依据。方法收集2010—2014年北京市房山区麻疹确诊病例信息,采用描述流行病学方法分析病例发病特征。结果 2010—2014年北京市房山区共报告麻疹确诊病例239例,年发病率分别为9.801/10万、0.439/10万、0.0351/10万、1.302/10万和10.919/10万。发病高峰多在3—6月,平原地区发病率多高于丘陵地区和山区,0岁组婴儿发病率最高。散居儿童构成比居第1位。结论麻疹疫情呈现周期性波动,要加强重点区域和职业人群成人含麻疹成份疫苗(MCV)的接种工作,减少免疫空白。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2010 to 2014 and to find out the new epidemic trends so as to provide basis for further exploration of targeted preventive and control measures and elimination of measles. Methods The information of confirmed cases of measles in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2010 to 2014 was collected, and the epidemiological characteristics of the cases were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 239 confirmed measles cases were reported in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2010 to 2014, with annual incidence rates of 9.801 / 100,000, 0.439 / 100,000, 0.0351 / 100,000, 1.302 / 100,000 and 10.919 / 100,000 respectively. The peak incidence in March-June, the incidence of plains in the hilly areas and mountainous areas, the highest incidence of 0-year-old infants. Diaspora composition ranks first. Conclusions The outbreak of measles shows cyclical fluctuations. Vaccination against adults with measles vaccine (MCV) in key areas and occupational populations should be strengthened to reduce the immune blank.