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目的:探讨急性髓细胞白血病(AML)患者的细胞遗传学异常特征及其与诊断、治疗、预后的关系。方法:采用短期培养法制备骨髓细胞染色体,并以R带显带技术对76例初诊AML患者进行染色体核型分析。结果:本组76例中有47例(61.8%)出现染色体异常。共有9种主要的染色体异常核型,t(15;17)及t(8;21)为最常见的染色体结构异常,且t(15;17)及t(8;21)分别只见于急性早幼粒细胞白血病(M3)及急性髓细胞白血病(M2)患者,核型异常与临床完全缓解率及完全缓解持续时间等预后因素高度相关。结论:61.8%的AML患者有染色体异常,特异性的核型异常与特定的FAB亚型相关,是AML诊断和分型的一个重要指标,并有重要的预后意义。
Objective: To investigate the cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its relationship with diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Methods: Chromosomes of bone marrow cells were prepared by short-term culture method, and karyotype analysis of 76 newly diagnosed AML patients was performed by R-banding technique. Results: The group of 76 cases, 47 cases (61.8%) showed chromosomal abnormalities. There are 9 major chromosomal aberrations karyotypes, t (15; 17) and t (8; 21) are the most common chromosomal structural abnormalities, and t (15; 17) and t In patients with myeloid leukemia (M3) and acute myeloid leukemia (M2), abnormalities of karyotype are highly correlated with prognostic factors such as clinical complete response rate and duration of complete remission. Conclusion: 61.8% of AML patients have chromosomal abnormalities. The specific abnormalities of karyotypes are related to specific FAB subtypes, which is an important indicator of AML diagnosis and classification and has important prognostic significance.