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用 2MeV～ 9MeV 7个能量 ,5C～ 1 60C 1 2个剂量的质子处理 5个品种 ,研究质子对小麦的诱变效应。结果表明 ,M1代的生物损伤随剂量的提高而加重 ,在一定能量范围内 ( 6MeV以下 ) ,随能量的增加而加大 ,超过一定能量 ,生物损伤有所减轻 ;M1代较易出现γ辐照中少见的叶绿素条状缺失损伤。M2 代诱变效果显著 ,突变谱宽 ,有益突变频率明显高于γ射线 ,较易诱发早抽穗性状变异 ;明确诱变小麦的适宜能量为4MeV ,适宜剂量为 1 4× 1 0 10 ～3 7× 1 0 10 P cm2 。
Five varieties were treated with two energy doses of 2MeV ~ 9MeV, 5C ~ 1 60C 1 proton to study the effect of proton on wheat mutagenesis. The results showed that the biological damage of M1 generation aggravated with the increase of dose, and increased with the increase of energy within a certain energy range (below 6 MeV) According to the rare chlorophyll-like stripe damage. The mutagenesis effect of M2 was significant, the mutation spectrum was broad and the frequency of beneficial mutation was significantly higher than that of γ-rays, which was more likely to induce the variation of early heading characters. The appropriate energy of mutagenesis wheat was 4MeV and the suitable dose was 14 × 10 ~ 3 7 × 10 10 P cm 2.