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目的采用医疗诊断超声成像技术对参与放射性操作的工作人员胸壁厚度及组织成分进行精确测量,减小人体胸壁厚度、组织成分不确定引起的人员内照射测量及剂量估算的误差。方法采用超声成像技术对26人进行定位测量,采集超声图片,分析几何胸壁厚度和肌肉、脂肪含量。结果超声图片分析结果结合肌肉等效胸壁厚度公式,通过计算,将几何胸壁厚度转化为肌肉等效胸壁厚度,归一胸壁不同组织对肺内出射的不同能量的γ、X射线的阻挡作用。结论当内照射测量对象为发射低能光子的核素时,该方法较传统的公式计算法更精确,将减少肺部计数器探测效率±20%的误差。能极大减小活体测量工作人员肺内放射性核素滞留量、估算内照射剂量的系统误差。
Objective To use medical diagnostic ultrasound imaging technique to accurately measure the thickness of thoracic wall and tissue components of radiological staff, to reduce the thickness of human chest wall, the measurement of human internal radiation caused by the uncertainty of tissue composition and the error of dose estimation. Methods Ultrasound imaging was used to locate and measure 26 people. Ultrasound images were collected to analyze the geometric chest wall thickness and muscle and fat content. Results The results of ultrasonic image analysis combined with the formula of the equivalent muscle wall thickness converted the geometric chest wall thickness into the equivalent muscle wall thickness and calculated the blocking effect of different tissues of the chest wall on the γ and X-ray emission of different energy in the lung. Conclusion This method is more accurate than the traditional method of formula calculation when the object of internal irradiation is a nuclide emitting low energy photons. This method will reduce the error of the lung counter detection efficiency ± 20%. It can greatly reduce the amount of radioactive nuclide in the lung of living body measurement staff and estimate the systematic error of internal dose.