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目的研究疟疾传播媒介中华按蚊的飞行距离,为消除疟疾媒介按蚊控制范围提供基础资料。方法采用标记-释放-重捕技术,在河南省永城市对中华按蚊的飞行距离进行初步研究;用电动吸蚊器捕捉中华按蚊3000只,进行荧光标记染色;将标记好的中华按蚊转移至释放点释放;释放后连续10d进行回收捕捉,回捕后进行荧光检测。结果研究期内,共释放3000只绿色荧光粉标记的中华按蚊,回收25只,重捕获率0.83%;释放后不同时间回收数量不同,释放后当天回收1只(4.0%),第1天14只(56.0%),第2天8只(32.0%),第3天1只(4.0%),第6天1只(4.0%),其他时间均未捕获到;不同方位回收数量不同,村东部与南部回收数量明显多于西部和北部;不同距离回收数量不同,80%的标记中华按蚊在100m范围内捕到;荧光标记中华按蚊最大飞行距离为400m。结论在国内首次应用标记-释放-重捕技术来研究中华按蚊的飞行距离;荧光标记释放后中华按蚊的重捕获率较低,最远飞行距离为400m,大多数在100m范围内捕到;因此,当消除疟疾过程中出现疟疾疫点时,疫情的最大处理范围应覆盖以疫点为圆心,500m为半径的地区,其中,疫点周围100m内的范围需做重点处理。
Objective To study the flight distance of Anopheles sinensis in malaria vector and provide the basic information for eliminating the control of Anopheles vector in malaria. Methods A preliminary study on the flight distance of Anopheles sinensis was carried out in Yongcheng, Henan Province using marker-release-recapture technique. 3000 mosquitoes of Anopheles sinensis were captured by an electric mosquito-killing device and stained with fluorescent dye. The labeled Anopheles sinensis Transferred to the release point release; recovery for 10 days after the release capture capture, capture the fluorescence detection. Results During the study period, a total of 3000 green fluorescent Anopheles sinensis markers were released and 25 were recovered with a recovery rate of 0.83%. The numbers recovered at different times after release were different, and one (4.0%) was recovered on the day after the release. On the first day 14 (56.0%), 8 (32.0%) on day 2, 1 (4.0%) on day 3 and 1 (4.0%) on day 6 were not caught at any other time. The number of recycle in the eastern and southern part of the village was obviously more than that in the western and northern part of China. The quantity of recycle was different at different distances, 80% of the Chinese anopheles sinensis caught within 100 meters. The maximum distance of fluorescent labeled Anopheles sinensis was 400 meters. Conclusion For the first time, the marker-release-recapture technique was used to study the flight distance of Anopheles sinensis. The recovery rate of Anopheles sinensis was lower after the release of the fluorescent marker, with the farthest flight distance being 400 m and most of the catch being within 100 m Therefore, when malaria epidemic is eliminated in malaria elimination, the maximum treatment range of the outbreak should cover the area with the radius of 500m as the center of the epidemic, and the area within 100m of the epidemic should be dealt with intensively.