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目的了解锡冶炼工尘肺病的发病情况,并分析其与接尘工龄之间的关系,为进一步研究与制定锡冶炼工尘肺病的防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集广西某冶炼厂锡冶炼车间385名冶炼工人的体格检查和诊断资料,运用寿命表法分析接尘工龄与尘肺病的关系。结果 385名锡冶炼接尘工人中,有9例尘肺病患者,患病率为2.34%;接尘后13～18年是该厂锡冶炼工人尘肺病发病的高峰期,在此期间患病率迅速升高;锡冶炼工人接尘工龄与尘肺病累积患病率之间呈高度正相关[相关系数(r)=0.933,P<0.05],回归方程为y=0.003x-0.012。结论锡冶炼工接尘工龄与尘肺病累计患病率关系密切,在该厂现有劳动条件下,若想把尘肺病的患病率控制在1%左右,工人的接尘工龄以不超过7年为宜。
Objective To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in tin smelters and to analyze its relationship with the age of dust pick-up, providing a scientific basis for further research and formulation of prevention and cure measures for tin smelting pneumoconiosis. Methods The physical examination and diagnostic data of 385 smelters from a tin smelting plant in a smelter in Guangxi were collected. The life table method was used to analyze the relationship between the age of dust pick-up and pneumoconiosis. Results Among the 385 tin-smelting workers exposed to dust, 9 were pneumoconiosis patients with a prevalence of 2.34%. The peak incidence of pneumoconiosis among tin smelters was 13 to 18 years after dust exposure. The prevalence (R = 0.933, P <0.05]. The regression equation was y = 0.003x-0.012. There was a significant positive correlation between tin smelting workers’ Conclusions Tin smelters are closely related to the cumulative prevalence of dust-contacting diseases. Under the existing working conditions of the factory, if the prevalence of pneumoconiosis is to be controlled at about 1%, the workers’ Year is appropriate.