一、员工持股计划概述新制度学派认为,企业是各种要素所有者达成的契约,企业利益是所有参与签约各方的共同利益,而不仅仅是股东的利益。在物质资本占主导地位的工业化时代,决定企业生存和发展的主导要素是企业拥有的物质资本。但在倡导知识经济的今天,物质资本的地位相对下降,人力资本的地位相对上升,企业要素所有者地位的变迁,决定了企业在知识 I. Overview of Employee Stock Ownership Plan The new institutional school believes that enterprises are the contracts reached by various factor owners. Enterprise interests are the common interests of all involved parties, not just the interests of shareholders. In the industrialized era where material capital is dominant, the dominant factor that determines the survival and development of enterprises is the material capital owned by enterprises. However, advocating the knowledge-based economy today, the relative decline of the status of material capital, the relative rise of the status of human capital, changes in the status of business element owners, determines the business knowledge