产品开发是企业生产和发展的命脉,而科研则是为产品开发服务的有力手段。第二次世界大战以后,尤其是自六十年代以来,由于科学技术的迅速发展,加上各学科的相互渗透、使企业产品的更新换代周期不断缩短,产品的竞争更加激烈。因此,各大公司都在产品开发上下功夫,力图使自己的产品在世界市场上立于不败之地。当前我国正处于 Product development is the lifeblood of production and development, and research is a powerful tool for product development. After the Second World War, especially since the 1960s, due to the rapid development of science and technology and the mutual infiltration of various disciplines, the cycle of upgrading and replacement of enterprise products has been continuously shortened and the competition for products has become more fierce. As a result, major companies are devoting their energies to product development and strive to make their products invincible in the world market. At present, our country is at