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目的研究三硝基甲苯(TNT)对眼晶状体的损害及其发病情况,探讨有效的预防控制措施。方法对某化工厂187名TNT作业工人眼晶状体损害进行调查。结果TNT白内障检出率为41.71%,性别、工种、年龄、工龄、接触工龄与TNT白内障发生密切相关。结论职业接触吸收主要以TNT的皮肤吸收为主。接触工龄越长,TNT白内障的检出率越高。预防控制TNT职业损害,要进行工艺改革,加强通风排毒,降低车间空气中TNT浓度,采取切实有效的皮肤防护措施。
Objective To study the damage to ocular lens and the incidence of TNT and to discuss the effective prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 187 TNT workers in a chemical factory were investigated for lens damage. Results The detection rate of TNT cataract was 41.71%. The sex, type of work, age, length of service, length of exposure to labor and TNT were closely related to the occurrence of cataract. Conclusion Occupational exposure is mainly absorbed by the skin of TNT. The longer the contact length of service, the higher the detection rate of TNT cataract. Prevention and control of TNT occupational damage, to carry out process reform, strengthen ventilation and detoxification, reduce TNT concentration in the workshop air, take effective and effective skin protection measures.