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目的:木脂素类是一类由苯丙素氧化聚合而成的天然产物,其在植物中广泛存在,目前已在樟科、松科、胡椒科、爵床科、肉豆蔻科、五味子科、木兰科、小檗科、菊科、瑞香科、马兜铃科等上百个科的植物中发现该类化合物。根据其支链连接不同,分为多种结构类型,包括二芳基丁烷类、二芳基丁内酯类、芳基萘类、四氢呋喃类、双四氢呋喃类、苯并呋喃类、双环辛烷类、联苯类等。其中,双四氢呋喃类木脂素(2,6-diary-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane),又称为双环氧木脂素,是一类通过8-8’,7-O-9’,9-O-7’进行连接的结构类型。迄今从自然界中发现该类化合物以单体形式存在的有100多种。该类化合物生物活性十分广泛,越来越多的该类化合物和相关生物活性被相继报道,主要包括抗肿瘤、肝保护、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗炎以及免疫抑制等。本文就该类化合物的生物合成途径、化学结构及结构解析3个部分进行了综述。通过对其生物合成途径的介绍,总结了目前报道的不同取代的结构特点,并利用质谱、核磁等方法对不同结构中构型的确定进行介绍,为其进一步研究提供参考,以期促进木脂素类化合物的研究和开发。
OBJECTIVE: Lignans are a kind of natural products formed by the oxidative polymerization of phenylpropanoid. They are widely found in plants and have been widely used in plants such as Lauraceae, Pinaceae, Peppericaceae, MGC, Nutmeg, Schisandra , Magnoliaceae, Berberidaceae, Compositae, Daphneae, Aristolochiaceae and other plants in hundreds of plants found in the class of compounds. Depending on their branching, they are divided into a variety of structural types, including diarylbutanes, diarylbutyrolactones, arylnaphthalenes, tetrahydrofuran, bistetrahydrofurans, benzofurans, bicyclooctane Class, biphenyl and so on. Of these, 2,6-diary-3,7-dioxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane, also known as bis-epoxy lignan, is a class of compounds that pass through 8-8 ’, 7-O -9 ’, 9-O-7’ to connect the structure type. To date, more than 100 kinds of these compounds have been found in the form of monomers in nature. These compounds have a wide range of biological activities. More and more such compounds and related biological activities have been reported in succession, including anti-tumor, liver protection, anti-oxidation, anti-virus, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive. This article reviews the biosynthetic pathway, chemical structure and structural analysis of these compounds. Through the introduction of its biosynthetic pathway, the structural characteristics of different substitutions reported at present are summarized, and the determination of the conformations in different structures by means of mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and other methods are introduced to provide reference for further research, in order to promote the lignans Class compound research and development.