通常人们认识砂堆是一堆松散、杂乱无序和随机排列的砂粒集合体,也就是一般所称的“一盘散沙”。然而,有人对松散砂层或其他松散介质作侧向挤压试验时,模型中常出现滑动面。为什么在松散介质的变形过程中,会出现这些微细的剪切面呢?至今一直未得到完满的解答。看来这是由于对原始物质颗粒之间的排列构造还没有进行分析研究的缘故。为了弄清这些现象,作者做了许多观察和简易的实验。下面将提供二个实例。 It is commonly known that sand piles are a collection of loose, disorderly and randomly arranged sand aggregates, also known as “loose sand.” However, when the lateral compression test is conducted on loose sand or other loose media, sliding surfaces often appear in the model. Why these thin shear planes appear during the deformation of loose media? Until now, no perfect solution has been given. It seems that this is due to the arrangement of the original material between the particle structure has not been the reason for the analysis. In order to clarify these phenomena, the author made a lot of observations and simple experiments. Two examples will be provided below.