论文部分内容阅读
为了地面利用小火箭有效地对云大量撒播介乙醛,我们设计了一种用TNT分散介乙醛的药桂。室内实验测定介乙醛的成冰阈温在-1℃左右。选取合适的配方压制以TNT为内芯,介乙醛在外层的药桂。爆炸试验表明:介乙醛产生的微粒数达12~(12)个/克,在-l℃～15℃范围内产生的冰晶数为10~7个/克～10~(10)个/克以上。对爆炸后收集的产物分析表明:介乙醛因燃烧或分介的损失量随TNT用量的加大而增加,而其保存量均在71％以上。贮存一年以上的介乙醛,其成冰能力降低一个量级左右。介乙醛急性经口毒性试验表明:大白鼠用Horn氏法计算L_(D50)为316毫克,公斤,95％的可信限为169～591毫克/公斤。为了对比起见,对AgI的成冰能力也作了爆炸试验,实验表明,在-5℃～13.5℃范围内,AgI产生的冰晶数为10~6个/克～10~(10)个/克。将介乙醛与AgI-NaI-丙酮溶液的成冰能力相比较,发观温度高于-6.5℃时,作为冷云催化剂来说,介乙醛比AgI要更为有效。
In order to use the small rockets on the ground to effectively disperse the mass of the acetaldehyde in the cloud, we designed a medicament for dispersing acetaldehyde with TNT. Laboratory experiments Determination of acetaldehyde ice-forming threshold temperature at -1 ℃ or so. Select the appropriate formula to suppress the TNT as the core, acetaldehyde in the outer layer of Gui Gui. Explosion tests showed that the number of particles produced by acetaldehyde reached 12 ~ (12) / g, and the number of ice crystals produced in the range of -1 ℃ ~ 15 ℃ was 10 ~ 7 / g ~ 10 ~ 10 / g the above. Analysis of the products collected after the explosion showed that the loss of acetydehyde by combustion or separation increased with the increase of the amount of TNT, and the amount of its storage was above 71%. Acetaldehyde, stored for more than a year, has an ice-forming ability that is reduced by about one order of magnitude. Acute oral toxicity of acetaldehyde test showed that the L50 D50 of the rats was 316 mg in kg and 95% in the rats was 169-591 mg / kg. For the sake of comparison, the ice-forming ability of AgI was also explored. The experimental results show that the number of ice crystals produced by AgI is from 10 to 6 / g ~ 10 ~ 10 / g in the range of -5 ℃ ~ 13.5 ℃ . Acetaldehyde is more effective than AgI as a cold cloud catalyst when compared to the ice-forming ability of AgI-NaI-acetone solution at a development temperature of -6.5 ° C.