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目的评估北京市平谷区接受调查的居民健康素养水平,分别从3个维度和5个类别分析健康素养在不同特征人群中的分布差异。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取全区农林牧渔业、住宿餐饮业、其他服务行业3类职业居民共计638人,使用北京市疾病预防控制中心统一制作的问卷进行健康素养状况调查。结果平谷区接受调查的居民总体健康素养评判情况:具备健康素养者53人,占8.3%。宏观层面以3个维度划分具备基本知识和理念健康素养者160人,占25.1%;具备生活方式与行为健康素养者51人,占8.0%;具备健康技能素养者81人,占12.7%。按目前我国主要卫生问题以5个类别划分,具备科学健康观的128人,占20.1%;具备传染病预防素养的148人,占23.2%;具备慢病预防素养的24人,占3.8%;具备安全与急救素养的163人,占25.5%;具备基本医疗素养的14人,占2.2%。结论平谷区接受调查的居民总体健康素养水平略高于中国居民健康素养总体水平(6.48%),5类健康素养中,水平最低的是基本医疗素养,其次是慢病预防素养。应大力提倡和积极推进健康促进与健康教育工作,努力提高全民健康素养水平。
Objective To evaluate the level of health literacy among residents surveyed in Pinggu District, Beijing, and to analyze the distribution of health literacy among different population characteristics from three dimensions and five categories respectively. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 638 occupational groups from 3 types of occupations including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, accommodation and catering, and other service industries. The questionnaire for health literacy was made by using the questionnaire unifiedly produced by Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results Pinggu District, the survey of residents surveyed the overall health literacy situation: 53 people with health literacy, accounting for 8.3%. In macroscopic level, there are 160 people with basic knowledge and concept of health literacy, accounting for 25.1% in 3 dimensions; 51 people with healthy lifestyle of behavior and behavior, accounting for 8.0%; 81 people with health literacy, accounting for 12.7%. According to the current China’s major health problems in five categories, with a scientific concept of health of 128 people, accounting for 20.1%; with infectious disease prevention and control of 148 people, accounting for 23.2%; with chronic disease prevention and control of 24 people, accounting for 3.8%; 163 with safety and first aid literacy, accounting for 25.5%; 14 with basic medical literacy, accounting for 2.2%. Conclusion The overall health literacy of residents surveyed in Pinggu is slightly higher than that of Chinese residents (6.48%). Among the five health literatures, the lowest level is basic medical literacy, followed by chronic disease prevention literacy. Should vigorously promote and actively promote health promotion and health education, and strive to improve the quality of universal health literacy.