每年高考物理试卷几乎都有“气缸考题”,可以说是高考一个热点问题。这类问题形式多样,每年的考题都有新意。大体上可分为两类:一类是热学问题,主要是气体状态变化规律应用问题,解答这类问题较容易;另一类是力、热学的综合问题,实质就是围绕气体实验三定律或气体状态方程应用来命题的考题,其解题的关键在于根据题设条件,运用力、热学知识确定 Physical examination papers for college entrance examinations almost every year have “cylinder test questions”, which can be said to be a hot issue in the college entrance examination. There are various forms of this type of problem, and each year’s questions are new. In general, they can be divided into two categories: one is the thermal problem, which is mainly the application of the law of gas state change, and it is easier to answer such questions; the other is the comprehensive problem of force and thermals. The essence lies in the three laws of gas experiments or gases. The key to applying the equation of state to the proposition is to determine the problem based on the conditions, the use of force, and thermal knowledge.